What is music theory?

Music theory is fundamentally about understanding the language of music through the analysis of its structures and components. It encompasses the study of musical notation, the relationships between notes, scales, chords, rhythm, harmony, and the creative possibilities that arise from these elements. By studying music theory, musicians and composers gain insight into how music works, which allows them to create, analyze, and interpret music effectively.

The other options, while related to music in some way, do not encapsulate the essence of music theory. The history of music composition focuses more on the chronological development of music as an art form rather than the underlying principles. Scoring for film and media is a specific application of music rather than a theoretical framework. Similarly, performance techniques for musicians center on the practical aspects of playing music rather than the theoretical understanding of its construction. Thus, the focus of music theory on the study of musical practices and possibilities makes it the correct choice.